Techno-Economic Analysis of Brine Treatment by Multi-Crystallization Separation Process for Zero Liquid Discharge

This study analyses the concept of a novel multi-crystallization system to achieve zero liquid discharge (ZLD) for desalination plants using an innovative heat recovery consisting transfer fluid and compressor reduce energy consumption. The main focus is recover water separately extract salts from seawater brines with high purity, including calcite, anhydrite, sodium chloride, epsomite, which can be sold cement industry. compared conventional brine treatment system. demand economic feasibility both systems are assessed evaluate profitability at scale 1000 kg/h. results estimate that utilization reduces consumption 690 kWhth/ton feed 125.90 equaling total electric 60.72 kWhe/ton. 99.2% mass by 98.9%. 53.8% calcite near 100% 96.4% anhydrite 97.7% 91.6% NaCl 71.1% epsomite 40.7% purity. Resource accounts additional revenues, halite accounting respectively 69.85% 29.52% income. contribution revenue very low due their production. levelized cost (LCOW) 13.79 USD/m3 as opposed 7.85 ZLD payback after 7.69 years. electricity cost, 68.7% annual expenses, produced renewable sources.